JAMESTOWN
The establishment of the Jamestown colony was created when James 1 granted a charter to the Virginia Company of of London. The company sent 144 settlers in December 1606 on a ship and the ships entered Chesapeake Bay on April 1607. The colony faced many hardships but survived due to John Smith who forced the settlers to work. Smith relied on the local Powhatan people and their chief, who was also named Powhatan to collect food from them. The relations between Virginia and Powhatan grew stronger as John Rolfe married the Chief of Powhatan's daughter, Pocahontas. The England Colony soon suffered though in late 1608 when Smith was injured and had to return to England. “The starving time” quickly began when the Powhatan people ended their ties with Jamestown.
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THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
Without the help of Native Americans, Squanto and Somerset the Pilgrims may not have even survived the first winter in America. They taught the pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, and pumpkins and showed the colonists where to fish and hunt.
MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY
In 1629 John Winthrop was chosen to be the governor of a colony north of Plymouth, the Massachusetts Bay Company, created by a group of Puritans. To begin his leadership he led 900 men, women and children to Massachusetts Bay. More settlers then followed during the 1630’s to escape religious persecution and economic hard times in England. Winthrop played a major role as governor when he demanded that adult male church members were allowed to vote for the governor and for representatives to the government.
CONNECTICUT AND RHODE ISLAND
The Massachusetts minister, Thomas Hooke was not pleased with the way Winthrop and other Puritan leaders managed the colony. Hooker took his religious worships elsewhere to Connecticut River Valley, where he established the town of Hartford. Hooker began a trend as other towns were slowly established near the river valley and after three years these towns created Connecticut. To describe the organization of a representative government Connecticut wrote the first written Constitution in America called, The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut in 1639.
Roger Williams started the journey for Religious Freedom offering a colony that would change everyone's perspective. Williams established Rhode Island because he believed that the government should not force people to worship in a certain way. He also believed it was wrong for settlers to take land away from the Native Americans. This caused conflict with Massachusetts as they kicked him out of the colony and he found refuge with Narragansett, Native American people. Williams later founded the town of Providence when they finally sold him land. John Wheelwright soon followed Williams as he led a group of dissenters from Massachusetts to found to town of Exeter in New Hampshire. 1679, New Hampshire later was made an independent colony.
Roger Williams started the journey for Religious Freedom offering a colony that would change everyone's perspective. Williams established Rhode Island because he believed that the government should not force people to worship in a certain way. He also believed it was wrong for settlers to take land away from the Native Americans. This caused conflict with Massachusetts as they kicked him out of the colony and he found refuge with Narragansett, Native American people. Williams later founded the town of Providence when they finally sold him land. John Wheelwright soon followed Williams as he led a group of dissenters from Massachusetts to found to town of Exeter in New Hampshire. 1679, New Hampshire later was made an independent colony.
CONFLICTS BETWEEN NATIVE AMERICANS AND NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
NEW JERSEY |
Conflict between Native Americans and new England settlers arose as the settlers began moving onto Native American lands without permission or payment. Wampanoag leader, Metacomet also known as King Philip to the settlers. Wampanoag raged against the New England Colonies as they carelessly took over their land. In 1675 Wampanoag declared war against the New England Colonies for 14 months and eventually lost to the Colonists, losing their power in New England. The defeat caused the expansion of Colonial Settlements.
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The Duke of New York decided to divide up his colony.. Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret were given the land between the Hudson and Delaware rivers. The land was named New Jersey after Carteret’s child home, the English Channel Island of Jersey .